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Medical Human Model - Neutrophilic Pulmonary Interstitial Lesions

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Medical Human Model - Neutrophilic Pulmonary Interstitial Lesions

release date:2021-12-29 author: Click:

Medical Human Model - Neutrophilic Pulmonary Interstitial Lesions


(1) Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, more common in elderly men, is divided into desquamative interstitial pneumonia and usual pulmonary interstitial pneumonia. Some people also believe that the former is the early stage of the latter, and the main histological changes are in cellular components, while the latter is fibrous tissue hyperplasia, and the late stage is honeycomb lung.


(2) Histiocytosis X, which is a general term for three diseases of Lecher's disease, Han Xueke's disease and pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma. It is histologically characterized by eosinophilic foamy cytoplasm and granulomatous infiltration composed of large histiocytes with well-defined boundaries. In the alveolar walls, IgG and complement components are often deposited in granular form. BALF and lung biopsy can be diagnosed with a large number of tissue cells at the same time, and the tissue cells of this disease can account for more than 20%.


医学人体模型


(3) For alveolar protein accumulation disease, the diagnostic rate of sputum and lung biopsy is low because the specimen is too small, and BALF can provide a reliable basis for diagnosis. Because the occurrence of this disease is mainly related to the obstacle of alveolar surfactant clearance and its excessive accumulation in the alveoli, BALF analysis can show that the total lipid content is significantly increased. The BALF centrifugation precipitated with formalin and paraffin-embedded can be used for pathological section examination. The main feature is the reduction of macrophages, and the PAS staining is uniform and strong positive. In recent years, immunoperoxidase staining can further identify primary and secondary alveolar protein accumulation.


(4) Asbestosis, it is not easy to find asbestos bodies in sputum, but BAL can provide an effective means to find asbestos bodies in BALF. Vuyst reported 28 cases of asbestos exposure, and all asbestos bodies were found in the BALF. Five of the 40 controls were also found. The number of asbestos bodies is related to the severity of the disease.


(5) Pneumocystis carinii disease, due to the increase of immunosuppressed patients in recent years, this disease is not very rare. In the past, the positive rate of sputum examination and lung biopsy was not high. BALF has become an ideal method. Relley reported 33 immunocompromised patients with fever and infiltration to do BAL, 7 were diagnosed with this disease, and no false positive was found in 1 case. In recent years, Og-nibine reported 16 histologically confirmed cases of this disease in 18 cases, and cysts of Pneumocystis carinii were found in BALF.


(6) Tuberculosis can be found by BALF smear and culture in pulmonary tuberculosis. Arai reported that 2 of 13 sputum smear-negative patients with BALF were smear-positive, and the remaining 11 were cultured positive for TB. Sarker reported that 15 cases of BALF smears were positive in 164 cases of x-rays that did not support pulmonary tuberculosis, and 8 cases were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture.


(7) Bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma, when the clinical diffuse disease of both lungs is in BAL, the presence of this disease is often found in addition to the lavage fluid cell examination and the cancer cell examination at the same time.


(8) Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, eosinophils in BAFL can reach 40%. It usually gets better with hormones.

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